Comparison the Effect of Breast Milk Smell, White Noise and Facilitated Tucking Applied to Turkish Preterm Infants During Endotracheal Suctioning on Pain and Physiological Parameters

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of the breast milk smell, white noise and facilitated tucking during endotracheal suctioning (ES) on pain and physiological findings.

Design and methods: The present study was conducted as a randomized, controlled experimental trial study. The sample of the study was composed of a total of 80 preterm infants. Pain was measured with PIPP-R pain scale. rMANOVA and bonferroni tests were used in the comparison of the pain scores of the groups.

Results: It was determined that white noise and facilitated tucking were more effective in relieving infants before ES procedure (p < .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in reducing the pain during ES procedure (p > .05). After the procedure, facilitated tucking was determined more effective in the recovery of preterm infants (p < .05).

Practice implications: It is recommended to use facilitated tucking and white noise for decreasing pain of ventilated preterm infants during the ES procedure.

Conclusions: White noise and facilitated tucking were effective in relieving pain before procedure and facilitated tucking recovery in preterm infants after the ES procedure.

Keywords: Breast milk smell; Facilitated tucking; Pain; Preterm infant; White noise.