'The Double-Edged Sword' - An hypothesis for Covid-19-induced salivary biomarkers

Med Hypotheses. 2020 Oct:143:110124. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110124. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Abstract

Utilising biomarkers for COVID-19 diagnosis, prediction of treatment response and overall prognostication have been investigated recently. However, these ventures have only considered the use of blood-based molecular markers. Saliva is another biofluid that warrants being applied in similar fashion with major advantages that centres on its non-invasive and repeatable collection as well as cost-efficiency. To this end, this article presents a hypothesis for the sources of biomarkers useful clinically for COVID-19 disease outcome estimation and identify the likely implications of their detection in saliva.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; Saliva biomarkers.

MeSH terms

  • Betacoronavirus*
  • Biomarkers / analysis*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections / diagnosis
  • Coronavirus Infections / immunology
  • Coronavirus Infections / metabolism*
  • Coronavirus Infections / therapy
  • Cytokines / analysis
  • Diagnostic Tests, Routine
  • Extracellular Vesicles
  • Gingival Crevicular Fluid / chemistry
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / analysis
  • Models, Immunological*
  • Mouth Diseases / complications
  • Mouth Diseases / metabolism
  • Pandemics*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / diagnosis
  • Pneumonia, Viral / immunology
  • Pneumonia, Viral / metabolism*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / therapy
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Saliva / chemistry*
  • Saliva / immunology
  • Saliva / virology
  • Salivary Glands / metabolism
  • Salivary Glands / virology
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides / analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • MicroRNAs
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides