Infectious disease outbreak related stigma and discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic: Drivers, facilitators, manifestations, and outcomes across the world
1 Department of Psychiatry, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College, Ratnagiri 415606, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: ramdas_ransing123@yahoo.co.in.
2 Department of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
3 Psychiatric Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
4 Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
5 Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
6 Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60126, Italy; Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Herts AL109AB, UK.
7 Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London E138SP, UK; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal.
8 Kabir Medical College,Gandhara Univeristy, Peshawar, Pakistan.
9 Addictions Services (SerD), Department of Territorial Assistance, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
10 Hospital and University Clinical Service of Kosovo, Community Based Mental Health Center and House for Integration, Prizren, Kosovo.
11 Department of Psychiatry, MMU Medical College, Kumarhatti, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India.
12 Department of Psychiatry, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College, Ratnagiri 415606, Maharashtra, India.
13 Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, PO Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
14 EIDemerdash Teaching Hospital, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
15 Razi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1068, Tunisia.
16 Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran.
17 Helwan Mental Health Hospital, Extension of Mansour St., behind Kbretaj Helwan Club, Helwan, 25562198 Cairo, Egypt.
18 Fidmag Research Foundation, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Medicine and Traslational Research Doctorate Programme, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
19 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, One Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
20 Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, East West Road, Alakahia, PMB 6173, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.