Recurrent Optic Disc Hemorrhage and Its Association with Visual Field Deterioration in Glaucoma

Dong An; Philip House; Christopher Barry; Andrew Turpin; Allison M McKendrick; Balwantray C Chauhan; Siobhan Manners; Stuart Graham; Dao-Yi Yu; William H Morgan

doi:10.1016/j.ogla.2020.06.004

Recurrent Optic Disc Hemorrhage and Its Association with Visual Field Deterioration in Glaucoma

Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2020 Nov-Dec;3(6):443-452. doi: 10.1016/j.ogla.2020.06.004. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science and the Lions Eye Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
² School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Doug McDonell Building, Victoria, Australia.
³ Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
⁴ Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁵ Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia.
⁶ Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science and the Lions Eye Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: BillMorgan@lei.org.au.

PMID: 32741638
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2020.06.004

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the association among optic disc hemorrhage (ODH) recurrence, location, and visual field (VF) progression.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Participants: Patients with bilateral glaucoma or unilateral glaucoma with a fellow glaucoma suspect eye were enrolled.

Methods: Patients received optic disc photography every 3 months and VF testing every 4 months. The disc was partitioned into 8 sectors to match 8 visual field (VF) sectors. The frequency of ODH in each sector was quantified over an average of 64 months. Global VF progression rate was calculated using linear regression on mean deviation. Sectoral progression rate was calculated using linear regression on the sensitivity at each VF location over time and then selecting the largest and second largest significant (P < 0.05) negative slope within that sector. The association between ODH and VF progression rate globally and within a sector was calculated using linear mixed modeling.

Main outcome measures: Global and sectoral VF progression, ODH frequency, and ODH recurrence (globally and sectoral) and its association with VF progression rate.

Results: A total of 151 eyes from 77 patients completed the study with mean follow-up of 64 months, 20 disc photographs, and 16 VF tests. With global VF analysis, eyes with ODH in 2 different sectors of the disc had worse progression rate than eyes with ODH in 1 sector (P = 0.012) and eyes with no ODH (P < 0.001). Regarding the largest sectoral VF progression, sectors with 1 ODH had a faster VF progression rate than those with no ODH (P < 0.017) and progressed at a similar rate to those with 2 to 8 ODH (P = 0.592). Sectors with >8 ODH had faster VF progression than all other groups (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions: High-frequency ODH within optic disc sectors, equivalent to detecting ODH in 45% of 3 monthly eye examination visits, was associated with significantly worse VF progression than sectors with moderate or only 1 observed ODH. In addition, ODH occurring in different sectors in the same eye was more strongly associated with greater global VF progression compared with those occurring within the same sector.

Publication types

Multicenter Study
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Disease Progression
Female
Glaucoma / complications*
Glaucoma / diagnosis
Glaucoma / physiopathology
Humans
Intraocular Pressure / physiology*
Male
Optic Disk / blood supply*
Optic Nerve Diseases / diagnosis
Optic Nerve Diseases / etiology*
Prospective Studies
Retinal Hemorrhage / diagnosis
Retinal Hemorrhage / etiology*
Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods*
Visual Fields / physiology*