Daily Physical Activity Patterns and Their Association With Health-Related Physical Fitness Among Aging Workers-The Finnish Retirement and Aging Study

Sari Stenholm; Anna Pulakka; Tuija Leskinen; Jaana Pentti; Olli J Heinonen; Annemarie Koster; Jussi Vahtera

doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa193

Daily Physical Activity Patterns and Their Association With Health-Related Physical Fitness Among Aging Workers-The Finnish Retirement and Aging Study

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021 Jun 14;76(7):1242-1250. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glaa193.

Authors

Sari Stenholm^{1

2}, Anna Pulakka³, Tuija Leskinen^{1

2}, Jaana Pentti^{1

4}, Olli J Heinonen⁵, Annemarie Koster⁶, Jussi Vahtera^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.
² Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.
³ Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴ Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
⁵ Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Finland.
⁶ Department of Social Medicine, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.

PMID: 32766774
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa193

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to identify accelerometer-measured daily physical activity patterns, and to examine how they associate with health-related physical fitness among aging workers.

Methods: The study population consisted of 263 participants (mean age 62.4 years, SD 1.0) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study, who used wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer for at least 1 week including both workdays and days off. Health-related physical fitness measures included body composition (waist circumference, bioimpedance), cardiorespiratory fitness (bicycle ergometer test), and muscular fitness (push-up and chair rise tests).

Results: Based on the latent class trajectory analysis, 6 trajectories were identified for workdays showing variation in activity level on working hours and on evening hours. Moderate activity during working hours and increase of activity level in the evening was associated with the most favorable health-related fitness in comparison to low activity throughout the workday: waist circumference 90.0 cm (95% confidence interval [CI] 85.5-94.5) versus 99.5 cm (95% CI 96.8-102.3), fat mass 13.9 kg (9.3-18.5) versus 23.8 kg (20.2-27.4), cardiorespiratory fitness 33.4 mL/kg/min (95% CI 31.4-35.3) versus 29.1 mL/kg/min (95% CI 27.8-30.3) (adjusted for age, sex, days off activity, smoking, and alcohol). For the days off, 2 different trajectories were identified, but they differed only in terms of level and not by timing of physical activity.

Conclusions: A large variation in the workday physical activity patterns was observed among aging workers. Independent of worktime activity, people who were more active in the evenings had more favorable health-related physical fitness than those who were less active throughout the day.

Keywords: Body composition; Latent class analysis; Leisure-time physical activity; Occupational physical activity; Physical fitness.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Accelerometry
Body Composition
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Employment*
Exercise Test
Exercise*
Female
Finland
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
Physical Fitness*