Labyrinthitis

Excerpt

Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear, presenting with symptoms such as vertigo, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and/or hearing loss. Epidemiological data on labyrinthitis are limited, but the incidence increases with age. Notably, labyrinthitis can mimic other conditions, such as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), necessitating a thorough evaluation before a final diagnosis. Bacterial or viral infections of the ear usually cause labyrinthitis, but it can be a manifestation of systemic disease due to autoimmunity, medication toxicity, or infection such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or syphilis. The etiology determines the appropriate treatment and symptom control. Although some patients recover completely, others experience residual balance or hearing deficits.