Enhancing organophosphate hydrolase efficacy via protein engineering and immobilization strategies

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020 Nov;1480(1):54-72. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14451. Epub 2020 Aug 19.

Abstract

Organophosphorus compounds (OPs), developed as pesticides and chemical warfare agents, are extremely toxic chemicals that pose a public health risk. Of the different detoxification strategies, organophosphate-hydrolyzing enzymes have attracted much attention, providing a potential route for detoxifying those exposed to OPs. Phosphotriesterase (PTE), also known as organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), is one such enzyme that has been extensively studied as a catalytic bioscavenger. In this review, we will discuss the protein engineering of PTE aimed toward improving the activity and stability of the enzyme. In order to make enzyme utilization in OP detoxification more favorable, enzyme immobilization provides an effective means to increase enzyme activity and stability. Here, we present several such strategies that enhance the storage and operational stability of PTE/OPH.

Keywords: chemical warfare agents; organophosphate hydrolase; organophosphates; organophosphorus compounds; pesticides; phosphotriesterase.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Chemical Warfare Agents / chemistry*
  • Enzymes, Immobilized* / chemistry
  • Enzymes, Immobilized* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Hydrolysis
  • Organophosphorus Compounds / chemistry*
  • Pesticides / chemistry*
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases* / chemistry
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases* / genetics
  • Protein Engineering*

Substances

  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Enzymes, Immobilized
  • Organophosphorus Compounds
  • Pesticides
  • phosphorylphosphatase
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases