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Observational Study
. 2020 Oct;115(10):1617-1623.
doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000832.

Impact of Famotidine Use on Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Jeffrey F Mather  1 , Richard L Seip, Raymond G McKay
Affiliations
Observational Study

Impact of Famotidine Use on Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Jeffrey F Mather et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020 Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: To compare outcomes in patients hospitalized with coronavirus (COVID-19) receiving famotidine therapy with those not receiving famotidine.

Methods: Retrospective, propensity-matched observational study of consecutive COVID-19-positive patients between February 24, 2020, and May 13, 2020.

Results: Of 878 patients in the analysis, 83 (9.5%) received famotidine. In comparison to patients not treated with famotidine, patients treated with famotidine were younger (63.5 ± 15.0 vs 67.5 ± 15.8 years, P = 0.021), but did not differ with respect to baseline demographics or preexisting comorbidities. Use of famotidine was associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.16-0.86, P = 0.021) and combined death or intubation (odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.23-0.96, P = 0.040). Propensity score matching to adjust for age difference between groups did not alter the effect on either outcome. In addition, patients receiving famotidine displayed lower levels of serum markers for severe disease including lower median peak C-reactive protein levels (9.4 vs 12.7 mg/dL, P = 0.002), lower median procalcitonin levels (0.16 vs 0.30 ng/mL, P = 0.004), and a nonsignificant trend to lower median mean ferritin levels (797.5 vs 964.0 ng/mL, P = 0.076). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that famotidine was an independent predictor of both lower mortality and combined death/intubation, whereas older age, body mass index >30 kg/m, chronic kidney disease, National Early Warning Score, and higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were all predictors of both adverse outcomes.

Discussion: Famotidine use in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is associated with a lower risk of mortality, lower risk of combined outcome of mortality and intubation, and lower levels of serum markers for severe disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.(Equation is included in full-text article.).

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Conflict of interest statement

Guarantor of the article: Jeffrey F. Mather, MS.

Specific author contributions: J.F.M. had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors played a part in concept and design. J.F.M. performed data acquisition. All authors had a role in interpretation and drafting the manuscript. J.F.M. and R.L.S. performed statistical analysis. R.G.M. and J.F.M. wrote the manuscript, and all authors gave critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content.

Financial support: None to report.

Potential competing interests: None to report.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Adjusted ORs for the risk of death. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; WBC, white blood cells
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and number at risk of death for famotidine versus non-famotidine users.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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