Management of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension During Pregnancy: A Case Series

Headache. 2020 Sep;60(8):1777-1787. doi: 10.1111/head.13942. Epub 2020 Aug 30.

Abstract

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a rare condition resulting from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume depletion, nearly always from spontaneous CSF leaks. CSF pressure in SIH is usually normal; low CSF pressure is found in a substantial minority of patients. SIH is uncommonly described in pregnancy.

Case series: Five women with SIH during pregnancy have been conservatively treated adopting bed rest and overhydration. After prolonged conservative treatment, only 1 patient showed complete symptoms resolution. A rare SIH complication as cerebral venous thrombosis has been reported in 1 case. All 4 remaining patients had lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP) with symptoms disappearance.

Conclusions: EBP might be proposed to SIH patients also during pregnancy and after a brief period (~10 days) of ineffective conservative treatment, because it could allow faster symptoms improvement and complete recovery. Furthermore, EBP would avoid prolonged bed rest with the risk of SIH severe complications.

Keywords: cerebrospinal fluid leak; childbearing; epidural blood patch; orthostatic headache; vaginal delivery.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bed Rest
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Hypotension / complications
  • Intracranial Hypotension / diagnostic imaging
  • Intracranial Hypotension / therapy*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / diagnostic imaging
  • Pregnancy Complications / therapy*
  • Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / etiology