Abstract
Rat-bite fever caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis is a rare infection that may be fatal. An adolescent male presented with multiorgan failure, negative blood cultures and Gram-negative rods in blood smear. S. moniliformis was identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing from the blood. He developed systemic hyperinflammatory syndrome resembling hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, for which immune-globulins and steroids were added to the antibiotic regimen and he rapidly recovered.
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
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Ceftriaxone / administration & dosage
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Ceftriaxone / therapeutic use*
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Dexamethasone / administration & dosage
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Dexamethasone / therapeutic use*
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Doxycycline / administration & dosage
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Doxycycline / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use*
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Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy
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Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / pathology*
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Male
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Rat-Bite Fever / complications
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Rat-Bite Fever / diagnosis*
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Rat-Bite Fever / microbiology
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Streptobacillus / isolation & purification*
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
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Ceftriaxone
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Dexamethasone
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Doxycycline
Supplementary concepts
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Streptobacillus moniliformis