Eighteen lymphoceles developed after 199 renal transplantations, 11 being asymptomatic. Ultrasound was the most sensitive method of detection. Seven lymphoceles were symptomatic, pelvic mass and decreased renal function being the most frequent signs. Five lymphoceles were successfully treated by instillation of iodate povidone into the lymphatic cavity; there were no complications or recurrences. This is a simple, safe and inexpensive method for the treatment of lymphoceles after renal transplantation.