6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) ameliorates drought stress response in tall fescue via the influencing of biochemicals and strigolactone-signaling genes

Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020 Oct:155:877-887. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.009. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Abstract

Drought is a major agricultural and societal concern that causes farmers worldwide billions of dollars in annual losses. By revealing the as-of-yet unknown details of the biochemical and phytohormonal crosstalk occurring in drought-stressed plants, novel strategies can be pioneered to enhance drought tolerance in crop plants. Toward this goal, exogenous treatments containing the synthetic cytokinin 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) were applied to the perennial monocot grass Festuca arundinacea (Tall Fescue). These plants were subjected to three irrigation levels: 100% ± 5%, 50% ± 5%, and 25% ± 5% of field capacity, at which a number of morpho-physiological and biochemical responses were evaluated. Furthermore, to elucidate the crosstalk between cytokinin (CK) and strigolactone (SL), we evaluated the activities of several SL-responsive genes. Drought conditions were shown to have widespread effects on morpho-physiological and biochemical indices. However, foliar application of 6-BA on tall fescue largely ameliorated drought stress symptoms. Water-soluble carbohydrates also declined significantly in response to CK over the course of drought progression, with virtually no change to starch content. Severe drought stress also upregulated a number of SL-response genes in the leaves of plants, indicating a correlation between the degree of drought severity and the quantity of SLs in tall fescue. Furthermore, the drought‒mediated induction of SL-signaling genes (including FaD14 and FaMax2) was inhibited in response to exogenous application of 6-BA, implying that 6-BA is a drought-dependent suppressor of SL-signaling genes. However, our results also hint at the existence of an as-of-yet poorly-characterized system of complex phytohormonal responses coordinated from multiple signaling pathways in response to drought.

Keywords: Cytokinin; Drought stress; Enzymatic activity; Strigolactone; Tall fescue.

MeSH terms

  • Benzyl Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Droughts*
  • Festuca / genetics
  • Festuca / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / metabolism*
  • Lactones / metabolism*
  • Purines / pharmacology*
  • Stress, Physiological*

Substances

  • Benzyl Compounds
  • GR24 strigolactone
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring
  • Lactones
  • Purines
  • benzylaminopurine