The protective effects of grape seed oil on induced osteoarthritis of the knee in male rat models

J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Sep 10;15(1):400. doi: 10.1186/s13018-020-01932-y.

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), though being treated via various methods and medicines, is still a major healthcare concern mostly due to the increase in diagnosis of these age-related diseases. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of oral and intra articular injection of grape seed oil on OA in male rat models.

Methods and materials: Seventy male rats were selected and their anterior cruciate ligament was cut to induce OA. They were divided into 7 groups (n = 10): C1, no treatment; C2, receiving 300 mg/day of Piascledine per os (PO); C3, 1 mg sodium hyaluronate intra-articularly in days 1, 7, 14; C4, 1 mg methyl-prednisolone acetate intra-articularly; E1, avocado and grape seed oil combination (2:1, 300 mg/day) PO; E2, 500 mg/day of grape seed oil PO; E3, 200 mg/day grape seed oil intra-articularly. After 10 weeks, the rats were anesthetized and evaluated radiologically and histopathologically. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: All the groups made significant differences with C1 regarding all inspected radiological criteria (P ≤ 0.05). E1 and E3 showed significantly better effects on medial femoral condyle, medial tibial condyle, joint space width, total osteophyte, and OA scores (P ≤ 0.04). Joint surface, matrix, cell distribution, cell population viability, calcification, and subchondral bone in treatment groups had significantly better scores versus C1 (P ≤ 0.04). E1 and E3 had significantly superior results regarding joint surface, cell viability, and calcification (P ≤ 0.04).

Conclusions: Grape seed oil has protective effects, both in injectable form and PO in combination with avocado, on OA in rats. Further clinical trials are necessary.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation; Anti-oxidant; Grape seed oil; Osteoarthritis.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Grape Seed Extract / chemistry*
  • Injections, Intra-Articular
  • Male
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / drug therapy*
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / etiology
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee / pathology
  • Persea / chemistry
  • Plant Oils / administration & dosage*
  • Plant Oils / isolation & purification*
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Grape Seed Extract
  • Plant Oils