Estimating visitors' willingness to pay for a conservation fund: sustainable financing approach in protected areas in Ethiopia

Sintayehu Aynalem Aseres; Raminder Kaur Sira

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04500

Estimating visitors' willingness to pay for a conservation fund: sustainable financing approach in protected areas in Ethiopia

Heliyon. 2020 Aug 27;6(8):e04500. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04500. eCollection 2020 Aug.

Authors

Sintayehu Aynalem Aseres^{1

2}, Raminder Kaur Sira²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Tourism Management, Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia and PhD. Scholar at School of Management Studies in Punjabi University, India.
² School of Management Studies, Punjabi University, India.

Abstract

An increasing number of protected areas (PAs) are being established in many countries to conserve and preserve the wildlife species and to maintain earth's ecological balance, but in emerging economies such as Ethiopia, PAs are currently confronted with inadequate conservation funding that makes it tough to protect the remaining biodiversity. PAs, therefore try to use other financial means such as ecotourism to subsidize their financial shortage and nourishes the nexus between conservation and development. Estimation of visitors' willingness to pay (WTP) would be useful to craft strategies to strengthen the self-financing capability of PAs and hence realizing environmental and livelihood goals. In this study, the visitors' WTP for the proposed conservation fund in the context of Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP) was estimated using a contingent valuation method. The finding indicated that 75% of visitors were willing to pay a conservation fee. The mean WTP was estimated to be US$7.40 for foreign visitors and US$1.00 for domestic visitors. The finding suggests that the implementation of conservation fee in addition to the existing entry fee helps to improve the long-term sustainable financing of PAs.

Keywords: Bale Mountains National Park; Conservation; Conservation fund; Contingent valuation method; Ecotourism; Nature conservation; Protected areas; Social sciences; Sustainable financing; Tourism; Tourism economics; Tourism management; Willingness to pay.