High-throughput meta-analysis and validation of differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers of ionizing radiation-response

Radiother Oncol. 2021 Jan:154:21-28. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.09.010. Epub 2020 Sep 12.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The high-throughput analysis of gene expression in ionizing radiation (IR)-exposed human peripheral white blood cells (WBC) has emerged as a novel method for biodosimetry markers detection. We aimed to detect IR-exposure differential expressed genes (DEGs) as potential predictive biomarkers for biodosimetry and radioinduced-response.

Materials and methods: We performed a meta-analysis of raw data from public microarrays of ex vivo low linear energy transfer-irradiated human peripheral WBC. Functional enrichment and transcription factors (TF) detection from resulting DEGs were assessed. Six selected DEGs among studies were validated by qRT-PCR on mRNA from human peripheral blood samples from nine healthy human donors 24 h after ex vivo X-rays-irradiation.

Results: We identified 275 DEGs after IR-exposure (parameters: |lfc| ≥ 0.7, q value <0.05), enriched in processes such as regulation after IR-exposure, DNA damage checkpoint, signal transduction by p53 and mitotic cell cycle checkpoint. Among these DEGs, DRAM1, NUDT15, PCNA, PLK2 and TIGAR were selected for qRT-PCR validation. Their expression levels significantly increased at 1-4 Gy respect to non-irradiated controls. Particularly, PCNA increased dose dependently. Curiously, TCF4 (Entrez Gene: 6925), detected as overrepresented TF in the radioinduced DEGs set, significantly decreased post-irradiation.

Conclusion: These six DEGs show potential to be proposed as candidates for IR-exposure biomarkers, considering their observed molecular radioinduced-response. Among them, TCF4, bioinformatically detected, was validated herein as an IR-responsive gene.

Keywords: Biodosimetry; Bioinformatics; Human peripheral white blood cells; Microarrays; X rays irradiation.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Humans
  • Radiation Exposure*
  • Radiation, Ionizing*
  • X-Rays

Substances

  • Biomarkers