Comparison of biogenic silver nanoparticles formed by Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava leaf extract and antifungal evaluation

PLoS One. 2020 Sep 22;15(9):e0239360. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239360. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Exploiting plant extracts to form metallic nanoparticles has been becoming the promising alternative routes of chemical and physical methods owing to environmentally friendly and abundantly renewable resources. In this study, Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava leaf extract (MC.broth and PG.broth) are exploited to fabricate two kinds of biogenic silver nanoparticles (MC.AgNPs and PG.AgNPs). Phytoconstituent screening is performed to identify the categories of natural compounds in MC.broth and PG.broth. Both extracts contain wealthy polyphenols which play a role of reducing agent to turn silver (I) ions into silver nuclei. Trace alkaloids, rich saponins and other oxygen-containing compounds creating the organic corona surrounding nanoparticles act as stabilizing agents. MC.AgNPs and PG.AgNPs are characterized by UV-vis and FTIR spectrophotometry, EDS and TEM techniques. FTIR spectra indicate the presence of O-H, C = O, C-O-C and C = C groups on the surface of silver nanoparticles which is corresponded with three elements of C, O and Ag found in EDS analysis. TEM micrographs show the spherical morphology of MC.AgNPs and PG.AgNPs. MC.AgNPs were 17.0 nm distributed in narrow range of 5-29 nm, while the average size of PG.AgNPs were 25.7 nm in the range of 5-53 nm. Further, MC.AgNPs and PG.AgNPs exhibit their effectively inhibitory ability against A. niger, A. flavus and F. oxysporum as dose-dependence. Altogether, MC.AgNPs and PG.AgNPs will have much potential in scaled up production and become the promising fungicides for agricultural applications.

MeSH terms

  • Aspergillus flavus / drug effects
  • Aspergillus niger / drug effects
  • Fusarium / drug effects
  • Green Chemistry Technology
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Metal Nanoparticles / toxicity
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Momordica charantia / chemistry*
  • Momordica charantia / metabolism
  • Particle Size
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry*
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry
  • Plant Leaves / metabolism
  • Psidium / chemistry*
  • Psidium / metabolism
  • Silver / chemistry*
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

  • Plant Extracts
  • Silver

Grants and funding

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.