Biofilm-forming ability may vary significantly among different Listeria (L.) monocytogenes strains. This interstrain variation is also observed in L. monocytogenes biofilm resistance to antimicrobial compounds commonly used in the food-processing environment. The screening of a large set of L. monocytogenes strains with specific characteristics, such as serotype, MLST type, and other genetic characteristics under various environmental conditions, may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the establishment of the pathogen on food contact surfaces. In this chapter, traditional methods for L. monocytogenes strains characterization with regard to biofilm formation and novel biofilm control methods will be described.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; Attachment; Bead vortexing; Biofilm; Crystal violet; Detachment; Food soil; Sanitizer.