HLA-G: Function, polymorphisms and pathology

Int J Immunogenet. 2021 Apr;48(2):172-192. doi: 10.1111/iji.12513. Epub 2020 Oct 1.

Abstract

HLA-G immune modulatory genes and molecules are presently being studied by a widespread number of research groups. In the present study, we do not aim to be exhaustive since the number of manuscripts published every year is overwhelming. Instead, our aim is pointing out facts about HLA-G function, polymorphism and pathology that have been confirmed by several different researchers, together with exposing aspects that may have been overlooked or not sufficiently remarked in this productive field of study. On the other hand, we question whether performing mainly studies on HLA-G and disease associations is going to give a clear answer in the future, since 40 years of study of classical HLA molecules association with disease has still given no definite answer on this issue.

Keywords: GVHD; HLA-G; MHC-C; abortion; alleles; autoimmunity; cancer; disease; eclampsia; fertility; haplotypes; infection; isoforms; miscarriage; monkeys; null; pathology; phylogeny; polymorphism; pregnancy; primates; transplantation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • 3' Untranslated Regions
  • Alleles
  • Animals
  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
  • Female
  • Genes, MHC Class I
  • HLA-G Antigens / genetics
  • HLA-G Antigens / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / immunology
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Peptides / immunology
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Pregnancy / immunology
  • Primates / genetics
  • Primates / immunology
  • Protein Isoforms / immunology
  • Solubility
  • Transplantation Immunology
  • Virus Diseases / immunology

Substances

  • 3' Untranslated Regions
  • HLA-G Antigens
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Peptides
  • Protein Isoforms