Frequent Tumor Burden Monitoring of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Circulating Tumor DNA Using Individually Designed Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan; Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan. Electronic address: tiwaya@iwate-med.ac.jp.
• ² Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan.
• ³ Division of Medical Engineering, Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan.
• ⁴ Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
• ⁵ Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan; Biology Division, Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
• ⁶ Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan. Electronic address: snishizu@iwate-med.ac.jp.