Enantioselective Protonation: Hydrophosphinylation of 1,1-Vinyl Azaheterocycle N-Oxides Catalyzed by Chiral Bis(guanidino)iminophosphorane Organosuperbase

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 Jan 18;60(3):1417-1422. doi: 10.1002/anie.202012492. Epub 2020 Nov 18.

Abstract

Enantioselective protonation by hydrophosphinylation of diarylphosphine oxides with 2-vinyl azaheterocycle N-oxide derivatives was demonstrated using chiral bis(guanidino)iminophosphorane as the higher-order organosuperbase catalyst. It was confirmed by several control experiments that a chiral weak conjugate acid of the chiral bis(guanidino)iminophosphorane, instead of achiral diarylphosphine oxides, directly functioned as the proton source to afford the corresponding product in a highly enantioselective manner in most cases. Enantioselective protonation by a weak conjugate acid generated from the higher-order organosuperbase would broaden the scope of enantioselective reaction systems because of utilization of a range of less acidic pronucleophiles. This method is highlighted by the valuable synthesis of a series of chiral P,N-ligands for chiral metal complexes through the reduction of phosphine oxide and N-oxide units of the corresponding product without loss of enantiomeric purity.

Keywords: base catalysis; chiral ligands; enantioselective protonation; hydrophosphinylation; organocatalysis.