Objective: To connect with the measurement data of asbestos dust fiber concentration in foreign countries, improve the accuracy of asbestos fiber detection in China, and understand the dust exposure in the working environment of asbestos and man-made mineral fiber production and processing sites in Zhejiang Province. The fiber count concentrations of working environment in glass fiber, ceramic fiber and asbestos processing plants were measured and compared. Methods: The dust concentration in the working environment of two glass fiber factories, one ceramic fiber factory and eight asbestos products processing factories was measured. The total dust mass concentration was measured according to GBZ/T 192.1-2007, and the fiber count concentration was measured by phase contrast microscope. Kruskal Wallis was used to test and compare the dust concentration in the working environment of each post. The correlation between asbestos mass concentration and fiber count concentration was analyzed by Spearman correlation. Results: Under the phase contrast microscope, there were many short and fine asbestos fibers in the field of vision, and there were many impurities around. The average dust concentration of asbestos processing plant was 3.2 f/ml, and the dust concentration of cotton ginning was the highest (6.68 f/ml) . There was a significantly positive correlation between asbestos fiber count concentration and mass concentration (r=0.535, P=0.033) . The average fiber count concentration of glass fiber factory was 0.001 f/ml, and the highest was 0.005 f/ml. The average fiber count concentration of ceramic fiber factory was 0.001 f/ml, and the highest was 0.006 f/ml. Conclusion: The fiber count concentration in the working environment of asbestos factory in Zhejiang Province is obviously over the standard, which is one of the important reasons for the high incidence of mesothelioma in this area. Short and small asbestos fibers are easy to be ignored when counting. It is necessary to improve the actual operation process of fiber counting to form a laboratory standard in China.
目的： 了解浙江省石棉及人造矿物纤维生产和加工场所作业环境中的粉尘暴露情况，检测和对比不同作业环境中纤维计数浓度。 方法： 于2010年6月至2014年11月，用典型抽样的方法在浙江省选择2家玻璃纤维厂，1家陶瓷纤维厂，8家石棉制品加工厂作为研究对象。对作业环境中的粉尘浓度进行采样。总粉尘质量浓度按照GBZ/T 192.1-2007《石棉纤维计数浓度测定标准》进行测定，纤维计数浓度采用相差显微镜进行检测。用Kruskal Wallis检验比较各岗位作业环境中的粉尘浓度。用Spearman相关分析石棉质量浓度和纤维计数浓度的相关性。 结果： 相差显微镜下石棉纤维样品的视野中有较多短而细的石棉纤维，周围混杂有较多杂质。石棉加工厂平均粉尘浓度为3.24 f/ml，粉尘浓度最高为开花岗位（6.68 f/ml）。石棉加工厂纤维计数浓度与质量浓度具有明显正相关关系（r=0.535，P<0.05）。玻璃纤维厂的纤维计数浓度平均为0.001 f/ml，最高为0.005 f/ml。陶瓷纤维厂的纤维计数浓度平均为0.001 f/ml，最高为0.006 f/ml。 结论： 浙江省石棉加工厂作业环境中粉尘的纤维计数浓度存在明显的超标情况，应完善纤维计数的实际操作流程。.
Keywords: Asbestos; Ceramics; Fiber; Fiber count; Glass; Man-made mineral fiber.