Audit of level II scans in a tertiary center of a middle-income country (MIC)

J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Jul 30;9(7):3242-3245. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_88_20. eCollection 2020 Jul.

Abstract

Context: Significant anomalies are those that are lethal or those that require prolonged follow-up and unaffordable treatments. Detection of these anomalies allows early termination or the support systems necessary for pregnancies with these diagnoses. Anxiety associated with overdiagnosis makes the woman a victim of modern imaging technology. However, accurate detection of significant anomalies in a busy scan room of a developing country with the need to cater to large numbers is particularly challenging.

Aims: The aim was to audit the diagnostic accuracy in a busy scan room.

Settings and design: Retrospective cohort in a tertiary center.

Methods and materials: Audit of significant anomalies identified at the 20-week scan was performed after the expected date of confinement. Anomalies that were missed or overdiagnosed were noted.

Statistical analysis used: All the categorical variables in this research were summarized using counts and percentages.

Results: Twenty-eight thousand women underwent morphology ultrasound during the study period. 963 (3.4%) women were detected to have anomalies at birth. Multiple anomalies were seen in 285 (30%) cases and isolated ones in 678 (70%) cases. Anomalies of the genitourinary system were the commonest followed by the anomalies of central nervous system. Only 53 (0.2%) anomalies were missed. They were mainly syndromes and anomalies of the cardiovascular system. The most significant anomalies that were identified could be diagnosed with a basic ultrasound machine.

Conclusions: 910/963 (95%) of significant anomalies can be identified even in busy centers if a systematic assessment approach is ensured.

Keywords: Congenital anomalies; detection of anomalies; level-II ultrasound; missed diagnosis; morphology scan.