Is the pace of decline in cardiovascular mortality decelerating in Spain?

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: To update the information on mortality from cardiovascular diseases and assess recent trends in Spain.

Methods: Deaths from cardiovascular diseases (codes I20-I25, I50, I05-I09, I00-I02, I26-I49, I51, I52, I60-I69, I10-I15, and I70-I79 of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death) were obtained from the National Statistics Institute. Trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models. The results revealed the years (periods) composing each trend, as well as the annual percent change for each of them. The direction and magnitude of recent trends (last available 5-year period) were assessed by using the average annual percent change.

Results: The decline in mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases slowed from -3.7% and -4.0% in 1999-2013 to -1.7% and -2.2% since 2013 in men and women, respectively. During the study period (1999-2018) all the analyzed causes decreased significantly. Nevertheless, recent trends differed according to age, sex, and the cause analyzed. Truncated rates (35-64 years) slowed (cardiovascular disease and stroke in men and ischemic heart disease in both sexes), stabilized (cardiovascular disease, stroke, and other heart diseases in women, and blood vessel disease in men), or increased (other diseases of the heart in men and diseases of the blood vessels in women).

Conclusions: In Spain, as in other countries, the reduction in mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases slowed (overall rates for both sexes and truncated in men) or stabilized (truncated rates in women) from 2014 to 2018.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Enfermedades cardiovasculares; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; Mortalidad; Mortality; Tendencia; Trends.