1 MGH Institute for Technology Assessment, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: msjalali@mgh.harvard.edu.
2 MGH Institute for Technology Assessment, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
3 Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.