Molecular subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer: understanding of subtype categories and clinical implication

Genes Genomics. 2020 Dec;42(12):1381-1387. doi: 10.1007/s13258-020-01014-7. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Abstract

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous entity that encompasses several subtypes with distinct molecular characteristics. The patients with TNBCs show unpredictable response to the chemotherapy, and further there is the lack of effective agents. Thus, many studies have been underway to discover targeted therapy suitable for patients with specific genetic alterations in each molecular subtypes. TNBCs are classified as four major molecular subtypes according to the gene expression patterns. These are luminal androgen receptor (LAR), mesenchymal-like, immunomodulatory (IM), and basal-like types.

Conclusion: Here, we discuss the unique molecular features of each subtype as well as promising targets for anti-cancer therapy.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Molecular diagnosis; Precision medicine; Triple negative breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Pathology, Molecular*
  • Precision Medicine
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / classification*
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / genetics