Hematopoietic bone marrow toxicity is most often the limiting factor for chemotherapy doses. Increasing the intensity of chemotherapy doses (higher doses or more frequent administration) would improve antitumor effects, but the hematological toxicity does not allow these dose increases. This study evaluated the impact of chemotherapies on the parameters belonging to the red blood cell series in the hemogram and aimed to identify some particular evolution profiles. We selected 855 evaluations performed before the administration of chemotherapy belonging to the treatments initiated during the period December 2018-February 2020, containing 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, docetaxel, epirubicin or pemetrexed. The data of the 644 evaluations related to the cycles 1-4 of chemotherapy were subject to this processing. The average relative loss of hemoglobin is -11% after the first three cycles of treatment, with statistically significant differences in hemoglobin levels in favor of men. There are risk factors associated with higher average losses, such as age <50 years or >65 years (statistically significant), body mass index (BMI) >25, cisplatin treatment (insufficient number of cases to reach statistical significance).
Keywords: bone marrow; cancer; chemotherapy; erythrocytes; haemoglobin.
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