Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the five most common malignant tumors. According to the latest statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), the incident and mortality rates of HCC ranks the eighth and third in the world, respectively, which severely affect people's health. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a bilayer of phospholipids, which carry active substances such as proteins and nucleic acids derived from their mother cells. These exosomes greatly facilitate the exchange of substances and information between cells, and coordinate physiological and pathological processes in the body. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that exosomal proteins play important roles in the tumorigenesis, development, diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Here we review the composition and functions of exosomes and the role of exosomal proteins in HCC.
肝细胞癌 (Hepatocellular carcinoma，HCC) 是最常见的五大恶性肿瘤之一。据世界卫生组织 (World health organization，WHO) 最新统计，肝癌发病率位居全球第八，死亡率位居全球第三，严重影响人们的生命健康。外泌体 (Exosomes) 是磷脂双分子层包被的细胞外囊泡，携带来自母细胞的蛋白质、核酸等活性物质，可实现细胞间的物质交换和信息交流，参与协调体内的生理病理过程。近年来外泌体与肝癌相关性的研究引起了广泛关注，大量研究表明外泌体蛋白在肝癌的发生发展、诊断治疗和预后方面发挥至关重要的作用。现就外泌体的组成与功能、外泌体蛋白在肝癌的作用进行简要综述。.
Keywords: diagnosis; exosomal proteins; hepatocellular carcinoma; molecular markers; proteomics; treatment.