Mogroside V, a component with high content and sweetness in mogrosides, has many pharmacological activities such as relieving cough, reducing sputum, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, regulating blood sugar, making it a natural nonsugar sweetener with therapeutic functions, and showing a broad market prospect. However, the limited resources and high extraction costs have restricted its widespread use. The rapid development of synthetic biology has provided a new idea for the production of plant natural products. The low-cost and large-scale production will be realized through the construction of a microbial cell factory for mogroside V. Here, we briefly introduce the structure and pharmacological activity of mogroside V, and review progress in applying synthetic biology for its synthesis, and also discuss the challenges faced by the current research, to provide a reference for further studies on the biosynthesis of mogroside V.
罗汉果甜苷 V 是罗汉果甜苷中含量和甜度均较高的成分，具有止咳祛痰、抗癌、抗氧化、调节血糖等诸多药理活性，成为兼具治疗功能的天然非糖甜味剂，具有广阔的市场前景。然而目前有限的生物资源和较高的提取成本，限制了它的广泛应用。合成生物学的快速发展为植物天然产物的生产提供了一种新思路，通过构建罗汉果甜苷V 的微生物细胞工厂，将实现其低成本、规模化生产。文中介绍了罗汉果甜苷V 的结构及药理活性，重点综述了罗汉果甜苷V 的合成生物学研究进展，并探讨了当前研究所面临的挑战，以期为罗汉果甜苷V 生物合成的进一步研究提供参考。.
Keywords: biosynthesis; mogroside V; natural nonsugar sweetener; synthetic biology.