Constipation is a prevalent and distressing symptom affecting people with cancer. It may be a chronic condition, or it may be caused by the effects of the disease, its treatment, or the side effects of symptom management, including the use of opioids. These evidence-based guidelines can assist clinicians in the decision-making process, guiding patients to effective interventions to decrease the incidence and severity of constipation.
Keywords: acupuncture; constipation; evidence-based guidelines; opioid-induced constipation.