Modification of Proteins by Metabolites in Immunity

Immunity. 2021 Jan 12;54(1):19-31. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.014. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Abstract

Immunometabolism has emerged as a key focus for immunologists, with metabolic change in immune cells becoming as important a determinant for specific immune effector responses as discrete signaling pathways. A key output for these changes involves post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins by metabolites. Products of glycolysis and Krebs cycle pathways can mediate these events, as can lipids, amino acids, and polyamines. A rich and diverse set of PTMs in macrophages and T cells has been uncovered, altering phenotype and modulating immunity and inflammation in different contexts. We review the recent findings in this area and speculate whether they could be of use in the effort to develop therapeutics for immune-related diseases.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Citric Acid Cycle
  • Glycolysis
  • Humans
  • Immune System Diseases / metabolism*
  • Immune System Diseases / therapy
  • Immunity
  • Immunotherapy / trends*
  • Inflammation / metabolism*
  • Macrophages / metabolism*
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*