The variability of functional MRI brain signal increases in Alzheimer's disease at cardiorespiratory frequencies

Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 9;10(1):21559. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77984-1.

Abstract

Biomarkers sensitive to prodromal or early pathophysiological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms could improve disease detection and enable timely interventions. Changes in brain hemodynamics may be associated with the main clinical AD symptoms. To test this possibility, we measured the variability of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in individuals from three independent datasets (totaling 80 AD patients and 90 controls). We detected a replicable increase in brain BOLD signal variability in the AD populations, which constituted a robust biomarker for clearly differentiating AD cases from controls. Fast BOLD scans showed that the elevated BOLD signal variability in AD arises mainly from cardiovascular brain pulsations. Manifesting in abnormal cerebral perfusion and cerebrospinal fluid convection, present observation presents a mechanism explaining earlier observations of impaired glymphatic clearance associated with AD in humans.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Alzheimer Disease / physiopathology
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain / physiopathology
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation / physiology*
  • Female
  • Heart Rate / physiology*
  • Hemodynamics / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Respiratory Rate / physiology*