Objective: To analyze the association of D-dimer levels, inflammatory indicators, cytokine abnormality, and disease severity in COVID-19 severe/critical type patients. Methods: The medical records of 41 patients were collected from a single center in Wuhan from February 8, 2020 to March 25, 2020. The patients were divided into severe type group (28 patients) and critical type group (13 patients) . The levels of D-dimer, WBC, ANC, PCT, hsCRP, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were compared among patients with different clinical types of COVID-19 infection. Moreover, the changes in the cytokines were analyzed in patients with different D-dimer levels. And, the levels of D-dimer, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α before and after anticoagulant therapy were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. Results: Among the 41 patients, 23 were men (56.1%) and 18 were women (43.9%) ; the median patient age was 57 y. The age of the critical type patients [ (61.1±10.4) y] was higher than that of severe type patients [ (52.8±11.7) y]; the difference was significant (t=-2.264, P=0.032) . The proportion of critical type patients with chronic diseases, especially hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease, was higher as compared to that in those with severe type patients; the differences were significant (all P<0.05) . The prevalence of dyspnea, sweats, and fatigue symptoms in the critical type patients was higher than that in those with severe type disease; the differences were significant (χ(2)=14.898, 6.972, 7.823; P<0.001, 0.008, 0.005) . The levels of D-dimer, WBC, ANC, PCT, hsCRP, and IL-8 in critical type patients were higher than those in severe type patients; the differences were significant (all P<0.05) . The levels of IL-2R, IL-8, and TNF-α in patients with abnormal D-dimer were higher as compared to those in patients with normal D-dimer levels; the differences were significant (all P<0.05) . Eight patients were treated with prophylactic anticoagulation; the levels of D-dimer, IL-2R, IL-6 and IL-8 after anticoagulant therapy were lower than those before treatment. Conclusions: COVID-19 critical type patients have more serious coagulation-immune dysfunction and dynamic monitoring of D-dimer and cytokines levels helps in identifying critical type patients as early as possible; anticoagulant therapy may improve the patient's condition by correcting coagulation-immune dysfunction.
目的： 分析2019新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）重型及危重型患者D-二聚体、炎症指标、细胞因子水平与疾病严重程度的关系。 方法： 收集华中科技大学同济医院中法新城院区山西援鄂国家医疗一队2020年2月8日至3月25日收治的41例COVID-19患者病例资料，重型28例，危重型13例，比较不同临床分型COVID-19患者的基本临床特征，入院时D-二聚体、炎症指标[WBC、ANC、降钙素原（PCT）、超敏C-反应蛋白（hsCRP）]、细胞因子（IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α）水平；比较有无D-二聚体异常患者的细胞因子（IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α）水平；并比较抗凝治疗前后患者D-二聚体、细胞因子指标（IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α）水平变化。 结果： 41例患者中，男23例（56.1%），女18例（43.9%），平均年龄（55.4±11.9）岁。危重型患者平均年龄[（61.1±10.4）岁]高于重型患者[（52.8±11.7）岁]，差异有统计学意义（t=2.264，P=0.032）。危重型患者合并高血压（χ(2)=10.420，P=0.001）、心血管疾病（χ(2)=6.972，P=0.008）、脑血管疾病（χ(2)=6.972，P=0.008）比例高于重型患者。危重型患者出现呼吸困难、盗汗及乏力症状比例均高于重型患者，差异均有统计学意义（χ(2)分别为14.898、6.972、7.823，P值分别为<0.001、0.008、0.005）。危重型患者D-二聚体、WBC、ANC、PCT、hsCRP、IL-8水平均高于重型患者，差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。D-二聚体异常患者IL-2R、IL-8、TNF-α水平均较D-二聚体正常者增高，差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。8例预防性抗凝治疗患者D-二聚体、IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8抗凝治疗后比治疗前水平降低。 结论： COVID-19危重型患者存在更严重的凝血-免疫功能紊乱，动态监测D-二聚体、细胞因子水平有助于早期识别COVID-19危重型患者，抗凝治疗可能通过纠正凝血-免疫功能紊乱促进疾病好转。.
Keywords: COVID-19; Coagulation; Cytokines; D-dimer.