A Case Series of Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis

Abstract

Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHL) is an acute, hemorrhagic demyelinating disease thought to be caused by an immune-mediated process. Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is both diagnostically challenging and fatal in the majority of cases. We present two cases of AHL unexpectedly diagnosed at autopsy. These cases demonstrate the often nonspecific and challenging nature of AHL clinical presentation, review neuropathological mimics, and emphasize the importance of considering this diagnosis in the forensic setting.