Effect of educational and financial incentive-based interventions on immunization attitudes, beliefs, intentions and receipt among close contacts of pregnant women

Matthew Z Dudley; Michael S Taitel; Renae Smith-Ray; Tanya Singh; Rupali J Limaye; Daniel A Salmon

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.067

Effect of educational and financial incentive-based interventions on immunization attitudes, beliefs, intentions and receipt among close contacts of pregnant women

Vaccine. 2021 Feb 5;39(6):961-967. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.067. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Authors

Matthew Z Dudley¹, Michael S Taitel², Renae Smith-Ray², Tanya Singh², Rupali J Limaye³, Daniel A Salmon⁴

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: mattdudley@jhu.edu.
² Walgreens Center for Health and Wellbeing Research, Walgreen Company, 200 Wilmot Rd, Deerfield, IL 60015, USA.
³ Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
⁴ Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

PMID: 33423837
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.067

Abstract

Introduction: Cocooning, the vaccination of close contacts of a newborn, is a strategy to limit the risk of pertussis and influenza infection among vulnerable infants.

Methods: Pregnant women in Colorado and Georgia referred close contacts to an app that provided tailored educational videos about vaccines along with a small pharmacy-based financial incentive for vaccine receipt. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of implementing this app-based cocooning intervention.

Results: Two hundred seventy seven contacts were enrolled in this study. Of those who received the educational videos, 96% found them interesting, 100% found them clear to understand, 97% found them helpful, and 99% trusted them. Completion of the videos led to significant increases in influenza vaccine knowledge (p = 0.025), Tdap vaccine knowledge (p < 0.001), and intention to receive these vaccines (p = 0.046). Of the 136 participants who reported receiving influenza vaccine, 41 (30%) reported receiving it at a pharmacy, and of the 66 who reported receiving Tdap vaccine, 15 (23%) reported receiving it at a pharmacy. Of all participants, 80% reported being comfortable receiving vaccines at a pharmacy instead of a doctor's office. The provision of small pharmacy-based financial incentives combined with individually-tailored educational videos about vaccines led to 6.97 (95%CI: 2.25-21.64) times higher odds of self-reported receipt of influenza vaccine than providing small pharmacy-based financial incentives without these videos. No significant difference was found for Tdap vaccine.

Conclusions: Tailored vaccine education can positively impact vaccine knowledge and intentions among adults. An app-based referral program providing education and financial incentives for cocooning vaccination at pharmacies is feasible.

Keywords: Diphtheria tetanus pertussis vaccine; Education; Influenza vaccine; Pregnancy; Vaccination; Video.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Attitude
Colorado
Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines*
Female
Georgia
Humans
Immunization
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Intention
Motivation
Pregnancy
Pregnant People
Vaccination
Whooping Cough*

Substances

Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines