Noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis: comparison of the stretched exponential diffusion-weighted model to other diffusion-weighted MRI models and transient elastography

Jae Hyon Park; Nieun Seo; Yong Eun Chung; Seung Up Kim; Yung Nyun Park; Jin-Young Choi; Mi-Suk Park; Myeong-Jin Kim

doi:10.1007/s00330-020-07600-3

Noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis: comparison of the stretched exponential diffusion-weighted model to other diffusion-weighted MRI models and transient elastography

Eur Radiol. 2021 Jul;31(7):4813-4823. doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-07600-3. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Authors

Jae Hyon Park¹, Nieun Seo², Yong Eun Chung¹, Seung Up Kim³, Yung Nyun Park⁴, Jin-Young Choi¹, Mi-Suk Park¹, Myeong-Jin Kim¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
² Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. sldmsdl@yuhs.ac.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.

PMID: 33439321
DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07600-3

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of the stretched exponential model to those of other DWI models and transient elastography (TE) and to evaluate the influence of confounding factors on the staging of liver fibrosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 78 consecutive patients who underwent both DWI and TE. The distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) and intravoxel heterogeneity index (α) from the stretched exponential model, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), perfusion fraction (f), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D_p), true diffusion coefficient (D_t), and TE were obtained. Associations between imaging parameters and pathological fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis were evaluated using Spearman's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Diagnostic accuracy of parameters for fibrosis staging was assessed via the Obuchowski measures.

Results: DDC was the only parameter to differ between F0-1 and F2-3 (p < 0.001) and between F2-3 and F4 (p = 0.013). DDC showed significant correlation with fibrosis (p < 0.001) and inflammation (p = 0.001), but not with steatosis (p = 0.619), and was independently associated with only fibrosis in multiple regression analysis (β = - 0.114, p < 0.001). ADC, D_p, and D_t showed a significant correlation with steatosis (ps ≤ 0.038). DDC showed the highest diagnostic performance for liver fibrosis (0.717; 95% confidence interval, 0.653-0.765) followed by TE (0.681, 0.623-0.733) without a significant difference between DDC and TE (p > 0.999).

Conclusions: DDC from the stretched exponential model is the most accurate DWI parameter with no confounding effect from steatosis and with overall similar diagnostic performance to TE.

Key points: • The distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) from the stretched exponential model is the most accurate DWI parameter for staging liver fibrosis. • DDC and transient elastography have similar good diagnostic performance for evaluating liver fibrosis. • The stretched exponential DWI model has no confounding effect by steatosis, unlike other DWI models.

Keywords: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Elasticity imaging techniques; Fibrosis; Liver.

MeSH terms

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Elasticity Imaging Techniques*
Fatty Liver*
Humans
Liver Cirrhosis / diagnostic imaging
Retrospective Studies

Abstract

MeSH terms

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