MicroRNAs: Emerging oncogenic and tumor-suppressive regulators, biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer

Cancer Lett. 2021 Apr 1:502:71-83. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.040. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most common solid tumors worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, causing a devastating impact on human health. The clinical prognosis of lung cancer is usually restricted by delayed diagnosis and resistance to anticancer therapies. MicroRNAs, a range of small endogenous noncoding RNAs 22 nucleotides in length, have emerged as one of the most important players in cancer initiation and progression in recent decades. Current evidence reveals pivotal roles of microRNAs in regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in lung cancer. An increasing number of preclinical and clinical studies have also explored the potential of microRNAs as promising biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for lung cancer. The current review summarizes the most recent progress on the functional mechanisms of microRNAs involved in lung cancer development and progression and further discusses the clinical application of miRNAs as putative therapeutic targets for molecular diagnosis and prognostic prediction in lung cancer.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Cell proliferation; Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; Lung cancer; Metastasis; MicroRNAs; Therapeutic targets.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • Disease Progression
  • Early Detection of Cancer
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / drug effects
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Prognosis

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • MicroRNAs