Discovery of natural anti-inflammatory alkaloids: Potential leads for the drug discovery for the treatment of inflammation

Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 5:213:113165. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113165. Epub 2021 Jan 9.

Abstract

Inflammation is an adaptive response of the immune system to tissue malfunction or homeostatic imbalance. Corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently applied to treat varieties of inflammatory diseases but are associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney side effects. Developing more effective and less toxic agents remain a challenge for pharmaceutical chemist due to the complexity of the different inflammatory processes. Alkaloids are widely distributed in plants with diverse anti-inflammatory activities, providing various potential lead compounds or candidates for the design and discovery of new anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Therefore, re-examining the anti-inflammatory alkaloid natural products is advisable, bringing more opportunities. In this review, we summarized and described the recent advances of natural alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activities and possible mechanisms in the period from 2009 to 2020. It is hoped that this review of anti-inflammatory alkaloids can provide new ideas for researchers engaged in the related fields and potential lead compounds for the discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Keywords: Alkaloids; Anti-inflammatory activity; Inflammation; Lead compounds; Mechanisms; Natural products.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / chemical synthesis
  • Alkaloids / chemistry
  • Alkaloids / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Biological Products / chemical synthesis
  • Biological Products / chemistry
  • Biological Products / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Discovery*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / drug therapy*
  • Molecular Structure

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Biological Products