Pericardial Involvement in Cancer

Am J Cardiol. 2021 Apr 15:145:151-159. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.12.092. Epub 2021 Jan 15.

Abstract

Despite the monumental advances in the diagnoses and therapeutics of malignancy, several cancer patients have presented with pericardial involvement, including acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, and pericardial effusion. Multiple factors can contribute to acute pericarditis, including direct metastasis to the heart, pericardial hemorrhage, infections due to immunosuppression, and cancer therapies that include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation. Pericardial effusion, either due to cancer invasion or cancer treatment, is one of the most common incidental findings in cancer patients, which significantly worsens morbidity and mortality. If left untreated, pericardial effusion is known to cause complications such as pericardial tamponade. Constrictive pericarditis can be due to radiation exposure, chemotherapy, or is a sequela of a previous episode of acute pericarditis. In conclusion, early detection, prompt treatment, and understanding of pericardial diseases are necessary to help improve the quality of life of cancer patients, and we aim to summarize the knowledge of pericardial involvement in patients with cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Hemorrhage / physiopathology*
  • Hemorrhage / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Infections / etiology
  • Infections / immunology
  • Infections / physiopathology
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasms / complications
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Pericardial Effusion / diagnosis
  • Pericardial Effusion / etiology
  • Pericardial Effusion / physiopathology*
  • Pericardial Effusion / therapy
  • Pericarditis / diagnosis
  • Pericarditis / etiology
  • Pericarditis / physiopathology
  • Pericarditis / therapy
  • Pericarditis, Constrictive / diagnosis
  • Pericarditis, Constrictive / etiology
  • Pericarditis, Constrictive / physiopathology*
  • Pericarditis, Constrictive / therapy
  • Pericardium
  • Radiation Injuries / diagnosis
  • Radiation Injuries / etiology
  • Radiation Injuries / physiopathology*
  • Radiation Injuries / therapy
  • Radiotherapy / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents