Update on diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism: ultrasonography and functional imaging

Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 Jun;65(2):102-112. doi: 10.23736/S1824-4785.21.03333-1. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Abstract

Ultrasonography and radionuclide imaging using [99mTc]Pertechnetate or radioactive iodine isotopes are essential tools used during the diagnostic workup of hyperthyroidism with or without structural alterations of the thyroid. Color duplex sonography and ultrasound elastography may add important information to find the cause of the hormone excess. During the last few years, hybrid imaging using SPECT/-(CT) or PET-based methods, such as [124]Iodine-PET/CT or [124]Iodine-PET/ultrasound have been increasingly used, playing a role in the context of localizing ectopic thyroid tissue or in multinodular goiter. Recently, promising data has been published on the use of [99mTc]MIBI imaging in amiodarone induced hyperthyroidism.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperthyroidism / diagnostic imaging*
  • Iodine Radioisotopes / chemistry
  • Middle Aged
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / methods*
  • Radionuclide Imaging / methods*
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / chemistry
  • Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi / chemistry
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Ultrasonography / methods*

Substances

  • Iodine Radioisotopes
  • Iodine-124
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi