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. 2021 Jan 18:14:131-140.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S283835. eCollection 2021.

The Associations of Two Novel Inflammation Indexes, SII and SIRI with the Risks for Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality: A Ten-Year Follow-Up Study in 85,154 Individuals

Ziqi Jin #  1 , Qiong Wu #  1 , Shuohua Chen #  2 , Jingli Gao  3 , Xiaolan Li  3 , Xuhui Zhang  4 , Yaohan Zhou  1 , Di He  1 , Zongxue Cheng  1 , Yimin Zhu  1   5   6 , Shouling Wu  7
Affiliations

The Associations of Two Novel Inflammation Indexes, SII and SIRI with the Risks for Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality: A Ten-Year Follow-Up Study in 85,154 Individuals

Ziqi Jin et al. J Inflamm Res. .

Abstract

Background: SII and SIRI are two novel systemic inflammation indexes that were suggested in predicting poor outcomes in cancers. However, no studies have examined their effect on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and all-cause mortality. Thus, this study aims to investigate associations between SII, SIRI, and the risks for CVDs and all-cause mortality.

Methods: A total of 85,154 participants from the Kailuan cohort were included and followed up for incidents of CVDs (including MI, stroke) and all-cause death for 10 years. Multiple Cox regression was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).

Results: During the follow-up period, 4262 stroke events, 1233 MI events, and 7225 all-cause deaths were identified, respectively. Compared with the lowest quantile (Q1) of SII or SIRI, after adjusted for most cardiovascular risk factors, both indexes showed positive associations with the risk for stroke (adjusted HRs in Q4 were 1.264 (95% CI: 1.157,1.382) for SII, 1.194 (95% CI: 1.087,1.313) for SIRI), and all-cause death (adjusted HRs in Q4 were 1.246 (95% CI: 1.165,1.331) for SII, 1.393 (95% CI: 1.296,1.498) for SIRI). Additionally, higher SII and SIRI are also associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Higher SIRI but not SII exhibited a higher MI risk, the adjusted HR in Q4 was 1.204 (1.013,1.431). The significant association remained after additional adjustment for CRP. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis displayed consistent results except for SIRI with MI, where the association did not arrive at significance in subjects aged ≥60.

Conclusion: Elevated SII and SIRI increased the risk of stroke, two stroke subtypes, and all-cause death. Higher SIRI, but not SII associated with increased MI incidence, and the association of SIRI was only significant in subjects aged <60.

Keywords: cardiovascular events; mortality; prospective study; risk factors; systemic inflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the participants.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A–C) The Kaplan–Meier curves for 10-year incident of stroke (A), myocardial infarction (B), and all-cause mortality (C) by quartiles of SII. (D–F) The Kaplan–Meier curves for 10-year incident of stroke (D), myocardial infarction (E), and all-cause mortality (F) by quartiles of SIRI. The cumulative hazard risk was calculated according to the multiple Cox regression adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking, drinking, education, marriage, income level, physical activity, family history of cardiovascular disease, TG, HDL-C, a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
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Grants and funding

This work was supported by the grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0907004) and Hangzhou Science and Technology Project (20171226Y27). The funders have no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data.