A translation enhancer element from black beetle virus engages yeast eIF4G1 to drive cap-independent translation initiation

Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 28;11(1):2461. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82025-6.

Abstract

Cap-independent translation initiation plays crucial roles in fine-tuning gene expression under global translation shutdown conditions. Translation of uncapped or de-capped transcripts can be stimulated by Cap-independent translation enhancer (CITE) elements, but the mechanisms of CITE-mediated translation initiation remain understudied. Here, we characterized a short 5'-UTR RNA sequence from black beetle virus, BBV-seq. Mutational analysis indicates that the entire BBV-seq is required for efficient translation initiation, but this sequence does not operate as an IRES-type module. In yeast cell-free translation extracts, BBV-seq promoted efficient initiation on cap-free mRNA using a scanning mechanism. Moreover, BBV-seq can increase translation efficiency resulting from conventional cap-dependent translation initiation. Using genetic approaches, we found that BBV-seq exploits RNA-binding properties of eIF4G1 to promote initiation. Thus, BBV-seq constitutes a previously uncharacterized short, linear CITE that influences eIF4G1 to initiate 5' end-dependent, cap-independent translation. These findings bring new insights into CITE-mediated translational control of gene expression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / metabolism
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell-Free System
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Enhancer Elements, Genetic*
  • Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G / chemistry
  • Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G / metabolism*
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Models, Biological
  • Nodaviridae / genetics*
  • Open Reading Frames / genetics
  • Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational / genetics*
  • Protein Domains
  • RNA Caps / metabolism*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / chemistry
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G
  • RNA Caps
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • TIF4631 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Adenine

Supplementary concepts

  • Black beetle virus