Interpretable morphological features for efficient single-lead automatic ventricular ectopy detection

Abstract

Objective: We designed an automatic, computationally efficient, and interpretable algorithm for detecting ventricular ectopic beats in long-term, single-lead electrocardiogram recordings.

Methods: We built five simple, interpretable, and computationally efficient features from each cardiac cycle, including a novel morphological feature which described the distance to the median beat in the recording. After an unsupervised subject-specific normalization procedure, we trained an ensemble binary classifier using the AdaBoost algorithm RESULTS: After our classifier was trained on subset DS1 of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) Arrhythmia database, our classifier obtained an F1 score of 94.35% on subset DS2 of the same database. The same classifier achieved F1 scores of 92.06% on the St. Petersburg Institute of Cardiological Technics (INCART) 12-lead Arrhythmia database and 91.40% on the MIT-BIH Long-term database. A phenotype-specific analysis of model performance was afforded by the annotations included in the St. Petersburg INCART Arrhythmia database CONCLUSION: The five features this novel algorithm employed allowed our ventricular ectopy detector to obtain high precision on previously unseen subjects and databases SIGNIFICANCE: Our ventricular ectopy detector will be used to study the relationship between premature ventricular contractions and adverse patient outcomes such as congestive heart failure and death.

Keywords: Adaptive boosting; Electrocardiogram; Heartbeat classification; Ventricular ectopic beats.