Community engagement as a foundation for improving neighborhood health

Public Health Nurs. 2021 Mar;38(2):223-231. doi: 10.1111/phn.12870. Epub 2021 Jan 31.

Abstract

Objective: Health inequities and disparities are associated with non-White race/ethnicity, immigrant status, income, and geographic location. Community engagement is essential to identify health and social needs and to plan health care and social services programs. To begin a larger community-based participatory study, the purpose of this study was to explore community residents' perceptions of barriers and facilitators to achieving and maintaining health.

Design, sample, and measurements: This qualitative descriptive study used focus group interviews. We recruited a convenience sample (n = 50) from community meetings and gathering for five audio-recorded focus groups that used a semi-structured interview guide. Transcripts were coded to identify common topics in each group and major themes across groups.

Results: Participants were predominantly women (58%), Hispanic/Latinx, and Spanish-speaking (57%), who rented their homes (69%). Two main themes emerged: (a) social determinants as barriers to health and (b) need for trust to participate in health programs.

Conclusions: Although health care providers are frequently concerned about providing access to care, community members identified a variety of social determinants that affected their health. Listening and responding to community members' priorities are the foundation to improving health in neighborhoods directly affected by inequities.

Keywords: community health; community participation; focus groups; health beliefs; inequalities; social determinants of health.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Emigrants and Immigrants*
  • Female
  • Focus Groups
  • Humans
  • Qualitative Research
  • Residence Characteristics*