The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Perceived Stress Among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Pilot Study

Holist Nurs Pract. 2024 Jul-Aug;38(4):238-244. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000430. Epub 2024 Jun 19.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of lavender aromatherapy via inhalation as a stress management modality for patients in cardiac rehabilitation. This was a quasi-experimental design. Aromatherapy was provided via inhalation to participants before a cardiac rehabilitation session over 8 minutes using lavender essential oil. The same protocol was used in the non-aromatherapy session without the essential oil. Blood pressure and radial pulse were measured, and subjective data were also collected including assessment of stress level (1-10 scale) and affect using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 20. Quantitative measures were analyzed using Mann-Whitney nonparametric equivalent to the t test. Inferential measures were analyzed using the χ 2 or Fisher's exact test. In the outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program, 25 patients participated in this study. The average change in negative affect (PANAS-) between pre and post-aromatherapy compared with pre- and post-non-aromatherapy sessions was statistically significant. Results showed a reduction in blood pressure following both aromatherapy and non-aromatherapy sessions with no statistical significance between sessions. Heart rate decreased equally post-aromatherapy and non-aromatherapy sessions. Aromatherapy may be a useful stress management tool for cardiac rehabilitation patients.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aromatherapy* / methods
  • Aromatherapy* / standards
  • Aromatherapy* / statistics & numerical data
  • Blood Pressure* / drug effects
  • Blood Pressure* / physiology
  • Cardiac Rehabilitation / methods
  • Cardiac Rehabilitation / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Heart Rate* / physiology
  • Humans
  • Lavandula*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oils, Volatile* / pharmacology
  • Oils, Volatile* / therapeutic use
  • Pilot Projects
  • Plant Oils / administration & dosage
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology
  • Plant Oils / therapeutic use
  • Stress, Psychological* / psychology
  • Stress, Psychological* / therapy

Substances

  • Oils, Volatile
  • lavender oil
  • Plant Oils