Point-of-care detection of tuberculosis using magnetoresistive biosensing chip

Shagun Gupta; Purva Bhatter; Vipan Kakkar

doi:10.1016/j.tube.2021.102055

Point-of-care detection of tuberculosis using magnetoresistive biosensing chip

Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2021 Mar:127:102055. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102055. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Authors

Shagun Gupta¹, Purva Bhatter², Vipan Kakkar³

Affiliations

¹ School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, 182320, India. Electronic address: guptashagun15@gmail.com.
² Post Doc in Tuberculosis Immunology from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, India. Electronic address: purvabhatter@gmail.com.
³ School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, 182320, India. Electronic address: vipan.kakar@smvdu.ac.in.

PMID: 33561629
DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102055

Abstract

In this paper, a highly sensitive and specific technique based on the principle of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) has been proposed for the early stage Tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics. This GMR biosensing assay employs monoclonal antibodies against M. tuberculosis specific ESAT-6 antigen with the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as labels. MNPs bind to the GMR sensor in presence of ESAT-6 and the binding is proportional to the ESAT-6 protein concentration leading to the change in overall resistance of GMR sensor. GMR biosensor simulation showed that ESAT-6 concentration can be detected in the range of pg/mL in comparison to the other transduction techniques available for ESAT-6 detection and further, the signal strength increased with the increase in the concentration. This work has shown that the GMR biosensing strategy is pertinent for the TB detection at the primitive phases when compared with other magnetic techniques used for TB diagnostics.

Keywords: Biosensor; ESAT-6; Giant magnetoresistance (GMR); Tuberculosis.

MeSH terms

Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology*
Antigens, Bacterial / blood*
Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
Bacterial Proteins / blood*
Bacterial Proteins / immunology
Bacteriological Techniques / instrumentation*
Biomarkers / blood
Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation*
Equipment Design
Humans
Magnetite Nanoparticles*
Mycobacterium tuberculosis / immunology
Mycobacterium tuberculosis / metabolism*
Point-of-Care Testing*
Predictive Value of Tests
Reproducibility of Results
Tuberculosis / blood
Tuberculosis / diagnosis*
Tuberculosis / immunology
Tuberculosis / microbiology

Substances

Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antigens, Bacterial
Bacterial Proteins
Biomarkers
ESAT-6 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Magnetite Nanoparticles