Objective: To investigate the effect of the downregulation of FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 5 (FXYD5) on the cisplatin resistance (CisR) of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells.
Methods: A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells were obtained through repeated administrations of different cisplatin concentrations, and the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) was calculated by MTT assays. After transfection with FXYD5 siRNA-1 and FXYD5 siRNA-2, the IC50 values of the A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells were also detected by the MTT method. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were evaluated through 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) DNA synthesis, wound healing, Transwell invasion and Annexin-V-FITC/PI dual-staining assays, respectively. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to detect mRNA and protein expression.
Results: Compared with the sensitive parental cells, the A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells had increased IC50 and FXYD5 expression. FXYD5 siRNA reduced the IC50 value of cisplatin in the A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells and decreased the expression of ABCG2 (BCRP) and ABCB1 (MDR1). In addition, FXYD5 inhibition reduced the invasion and migration of the A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells, with upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of Snail and Vimentin. Both FXYD5 siRNA-1 and FXYD5 siRNA-2 inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of the A2780-CisR and SKOV3-CisR cells with reduced Ki-67 and increased caspase-3.
Conclusion: FXYD5 downregulation may reduce the invasion, migration and EMT formation of EOC cells to increase their sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis.