Bleeding in Critically Ill Children-Review of Literature, Knowledge Gaps, and Suggestions for Future Investigation

Adi Avniel Aran; Oliver Karam; Marianne E Nellis

doi:10.3389/fped.2021.611680

Bleeding in Critically Ill Children-Review of Literature, Knowledge Gaps, and Suggestions for Future Investigation

Front Pediatr. 2021 Jan 27:9:611680. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.611680. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Adi Avniel Aran¹, Oliver Karam², Marianne E Nellis³

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Division, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
² Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, VA, United States.
³ Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, NY Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.

Abstract

Clinically significant bleeding complicates up to 20% of admissions to the intensive care unit in adults and is associated with severe physiologic derangements, requirement for significant interventions and worse outcome. There is a paucity of published data on bleeding in critically ill children. In this manuscript, we will provide an overview of the epidemiology and characteristics of bleeding in critically ill children, address the association between bleeding and clinical outcomes, describe the current definitions of bleeding and their respective limitations, and finally provide an overview of current knowledge gaps and suggested areas for future research.

Keywords: bleeding; critical ill children; epidemiology; hemorrhage; scale.

Publication types

Review