Hypomorphic mutations in human DNA ligase IV lead to compromised DNA binding efficiency, hydrophobicity and thermal stability

Protein Eng Des Sel. 2021 Feb 15:34:gzab001. doi: 10.1093/protein/gzab001.

Abstract

Studies have shown that Lig4 syndrome mutations in DNA ligase IV (LigIV) are compromised in its function with residual level of double strand break ligation activity in vivo. It was speculated that Lig4 syndrome mutations adversely affect protein folding and stability. Though there are crystal structures of LigIV, there are no reports of crystal structures of Lig4 syndrome mutants and their biophysical characterization to date. Here, we have examined the conformational states, thermal stability, hydrophobicity and DNA binding efficiency of human DNA LigIV wild type and its hypomorphic mutants by far-UV circular dichroism, tyrosine and tryptophan fluorescence, and 1-anilino-8-naphthalene-sulfonate binding, dynamic light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, multi-angle light scattering and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. We show here that LigIV hypomorphic mutants have reduced DNA-binding efficiency, a shift in secondary structure content from the helical to random coil, marginal reduction in their thermal stability and increased hydrophobicity as compared to the wild-type LigIV.

Keywords: DNA binding domain and catalytic domain; DNA ligase IV; Lig4 syndrome; biophysicochemical characterization; hypomorphic mutants.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • DNA Ligase ATP / genetics
  • DNA Ligases* / genetics
  • DNA* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Mutation

Substances

  • DNA
  • DNA Ligases
  • DNA Ligase ATP