[Disordered eating in Mexican adolescents, 2006-2018]

Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Nov-Dec;62(6):734-744. doi: 10.21149/11545.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the evolution in prevalence of risky eating behaviors (REB) in Mexican adolescents between 2006 and 2018.

Materials and methods: We employed data from Ensanut 2006 and 2018-19. We evaluated REB with the Brief Questionnaire of Risky Eating Behaviors, dis-tinguishing between normative (recommended for obesity prevention) and non-normative (not recommended) REB. We analyzed the association between REB and indicators of the sociocultural environment of adolescents (socio-economic level, urban/rural place of living.

Results: The prevalence of normative REB changed from 11.9% (95%CI: 11.3-12.6) to 15.7% (95%CI: 15.0-16.5), and the prevalence of non-normative REB from 12.1 (95%CI: 11.4-12.9) to 21.9 (95%CI: 21.0-22.9). REB were more frequent among females, those with overweight or obesity, those in the higher so-cioeconomic levels, and in urban areas.

Conclusions: REB are an important issue among adolescents, and preventive strategies are required.

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de la prevalencia de con-ductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) en adolescentes mexi-canos entre 2006 y 2018.

Material y métodos: Se utilizó información de las Ensanut 2006 y 2018-19. Se evaluaron las CAR con el Cuestionario Breve de Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo, distinguiendo entre normativas (recomendadas en la prevención de la obesidad) y no normativas (no reco-mendadas). Se analizó la relación entre CAR e indicadores del medio ambiente sociocultural en que los adolescentes se desenvuelven (nivel socioeconómico, tamaño de la localidad).

Resultados: La prevalencia de CAR normativas pasó de 11.9% (IC95%: 11.3-12.6) a 15.7% (IC95%: 15.0-16.5) y la de las CAR no normativas de 12.1 (IC95%: 11.4-12.9) a 21.9 (IC95% 21.0-22.9). Las CAR fueron más frecuentes en mujeres, en adolescentes con sobrepeso u obesidad, de nivel socioeco-nómico más alto y en localidades urbanas.

Conclusiones: Las CAR son un problema importante en adolescentes y es necesario implementar estrategias de prevención.

Keywords: Mexico; adolescence; eating disorders; eating disorders; social conditions.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mexico / epidemiology
  • Obesity
  • Overweight / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Risk-Taking
  • Rural Population
  • Social Environment
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Urban Population