The association between intraoperative hyperglycemia and cerebrovascular markers

Int J Med Sci. 2021 Jan 21;18(6):1332-1338. doi: 10.7150/ijms.51364. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hyperglycemia can lead to an increased rate of apoptosis of microglial cells and to damaged neurons. The relation between hyperglycemia and cerebrovascular markers on MRI is unknown. Our aim was to study the association between intraoperative hyperglycemia and cerebrovascular markers. METHODS: In this further analysis of a subgroup investigation of the BIOCOG study, 65 older non-demented patients (median 72 years) were studied who underwent elective surgery of ≥ 60 minutes. Intraoperative blood glucose maximum was determined retrospectively in each patient. In these patients, preoperatively and at 3 months follow-up a MRI scan was performed and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and shape, infarcts, and perfusion parameters were determined. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between preoperative cerebrovascular markers and occurrence of intraoperative hyperglycemia. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relation between intraoperative hyperglycemia and pre- to postoperative changes in WMH volume. Associations between intraoperative hyperglycemia and postoperative WMH volume at 3 months follow-up were also assessed by linear regression analyses. RESULTS: Eighteen patients showed intraoperative hyperglycemia (glucose maximum ≥ 150 mg/dL). A preoperative more smooth shape of periventricular and confluent WMH was related to the occurrence of intraoperative hyperglycemia [convexity: OR 33.318 (95 % CI (1.002 - 1107.950); p = 0.050]. Other preoperative cerebrovascular markers were not related to the occurrence of intraoperative hyperglycemia. Intraoperative hyperglycemia showed no relation with pre- to postoperative changes in WMH volume nor with postoperative WMH volume at 3 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: We found that a preoperative more smooth shape of periventricular and confluent WMH was related to the occurrence of intraoperative hyperglycemia. These findings may suggest that a similar underlying mechanism leads to a certain pattern of vascular brain abnormalities and an increased risk of hyperglycemia.

Keywords: Intraoperative hyperglycemia; Neuroimaging MRI; cerebral small vessel disease; perfusion; vascular lesions..

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Elective Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / blood
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Hyperglycemia / epidemiology*
  • Hyperglycemia / etiology
  • Intraoperative Complications / blood
  • Intraoperative Complications / diagnosis
  • Intraoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Intraoperative Complications / etiology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Neuroimaging / statistics & numerical data
  • Postoperative Cognitive Complications / diagnosis
  • Postoperative Cognitive Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Cognitive Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Period
  • Preoperative Period
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods
  • Risk Factors
  • White Matter / blood supply
  • White Matter / diagnostic imaging*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose